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Tawrat From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding reliable references. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (June 2007) Part of a series on Islam Beliefs Allah · Oneness of God Muhammad · Prophets of Islam Practices Profession of Faith · Prayer Fasting · Charity · Pilgrimage History · Leaders Timeline of Muslim history Ahl al-Bayt · Sahaba Rashidun Caliphs · Shi'a Imams Texts · Laws Qur'an · Sunnah · Hadith Fiqh · Sharia Kalam · Tasawwuf (Sufism) Major branches Sunni · Shi'a Culture · Society Academics · Animals · Art Calendar · Children · Demographics Festivals · Mosques · Philosophy Politics · Science · Women Islam and other religions Christianity · Hinduism · Jainism Judaism · Sikhism See also Criticism of Islam · Islamophobia Glossary of Islamic terms Islam Portal v • d • e Tawrat (Tawrah or Taurat, Arabic: ?????) is the Arabic transliteration of the Hebrew word Torah (also known as the "Five Books of Moses" or the "Pentateuch") which Muslims believe was a holy book of Islam given by Allah to Musa (Moses). Some theorize that the Tawrat may refer to the entire Tanach or Old Testament. Muslims believe that the Tawrat has undergone tahrif, that is, meanings or words were distorted, passages were suppressed, others added, etc. [edit]Tawra in the Qur'an Actual quotations from the Torah in the Qur'an are very few and inexact. An example is 5:45 where it says: We ordained therein for them: "Life for life, eye for eye, nose for nose, ear for ear, tooth for tooth, and wounds equal for equal." (Yusuf-Ali) This could be a quote from Exodus 21:24-25: 'Eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot, burning for burning, wound for wound, stripe for stripe' (KJV) According to 7:157 in both the Indjil and the Tawrat there is written about Muhammed: 'Those who follow the apostle, the unlettered Prophet, whom they find mentioned in their own (scriptures), - in the law and the Gospel' (Yusuf-Ali). Most Muslims point at Deuteronomy 18:18 as a text in the Torah (Tawrat), 'the law', where it says: 'I will raise them up a Prophet from among their brethren, like unto thee, and will put my words in his mouth; and he shall speak unto them all that I shall command him.' The Tawrat is also mentioned in 5:110. The Tawrat was known by Jesus. Behold! I taught thee the Book and Wisdom, the Law and the Gospel and behold! thou makest out of clay, as it were, the figure of a bird, by My leave, and thou breathest into it and it becometh a bird by My leave, and thou healest those born blind, and the lepers, by My leave. And behold! thou bringest forth the dead by My leave' (Yusuf-Ali) Some quotations are taken from other books of the Hebrew Bible. An example of this is 48:29 where it says: "This is their similitude in the Taurat; and their similitude in the Gospel is: like a seed which sends forth its blade, then makes it strong; it then becomes thick, and it stands on its own stem, (filling) the sowers with wonder and delight" (Yusuf-Ali). This could be a quote from Psalm 1:3, 72:16 or 92:14: Psalm 1:3: 'And he shall be like a tree planted by the rivers of water, that bringeth forth his fruit in his season; his leaf also shall not wither; and whatsoever he doeth shall prosper.' Psalm 72:16 'There shall be an handful of corn in the earth upon the top of the mountains; the fruit thereof shall shake like Lebanon: and they of the city shall flourish like grass of the earth.' Psalm 92:14 'They shall still bring forth fruit in old age; they shall be fat and flourishing;' Or, 48:29 could simply be using an analogy, where the earlier Tawrat/Torah is the "seed", and the later books (the Book of Psalms and the Gospels) are the "blade" that grow from it, becoming stronger, with the Koran being the final book, standing "in its own stem, (filling) the sowers with wonder and delight" - the "sowers" perhaps being the practicers of the religions in question who eventually find (and, presumably, convert to) Islam. Some other quotations are from the Mishna. An example of this is 5:32 where it says 'On that account: We ordained for the Children of Israel that if any one slew a person - unless it be for murder or for spreading mischief in the land - it would be as if he slew the whole people: and if any one saved a life, it would be as if he saved the life of the whole people'. This could be a quote from Sanhedrin 4:5 These quotes suggest that the word had the wide meaning of the whole corpus of Jewish Scriptures, as Torah in ancient Jewish literature itself [1], but only late Muslim authors differentiate explicitly between "the wider and the specific meaning" of Tawrat. [edit]Tawrat in the Hadith Because he believed the Qur'an replaced it, Muhammad did not teach from the Torah and the Qur'an says very little about it. He did say that Musa (Moses) was one of the few prophets to receive a revelation directly from God, that is, without an intervening angel. On one occasion, some Jews wanted Muhammad to decide how to deal with their brethren who had committed adultery. Abu-Dawud records in Book 38 Number 4434: They placed a cushion for the Apostle of Allah(s.w.t) peace be upon him who sat on it and said: Bring the Torah. It was then brought. He then withdrew the cushion from beneath him and placed the Torah on it saying: I believed in thee and in Him Who revealed thee. He then said: Bring me one who is learned among you. Then a young man was brought. The transmitter then mentioned the rest of the tradition of stoning similar to the one transmitted by Malik from Nafi' (No. 4431). [edit]Semantics There is some ambiguity among English speaking Muslims on the use of Tawrat versus Torah. The Arabic of the Qur'an and hadith have only one word, Tawrat. Torah is natively a Hebrew word. Generally, in English as well, they are used interchangeably. However, some Muslims prefer to reserve Tawrat to refer only to the original revelation of Allah to Musa which was later supposedly corrupted. They use Torah to refer to the current, supposedly corrupted text. There is also ambiguity as to whether the Qur'an uses Tawrat only referring to the five books of Moses, the entire Tanach, or both. Torah in Hebrew can refer to either. This comes because the Qur'an often lists the holy books as the Tawrat, Injil, and Qur'an, discluding the Zabur (the Psalms), possibly because the Psalms are part of the Tanach. Moreover, a Muslim scholar seemed to reference Isaiah (a book of the Tanach), saying it was from the Tawrat. [1] This meaning is uncommon as most Muslims think it only refers to the five books of Moses. [edit]See also Islam Islamic Holy Books Suhuf-i-Ibrahim Torah Injil Zabur [edit]References ^ Tawrat, Zabur, & Injil [edit]External links A discussion of the Tawrat and some other scriptures Does Quran confirm the Jewish Scripts? Study Regarding the Tawrat ^ Bacher, Exegetische Terminologie, i, 197 ff. Categories: Jewish texts | Islamic texts article discussion edit this page history This page was last modified on 9 June 2008, at 21:58. All text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License. (See Copyrights for details.) Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a U.S. registered 501(c)(3) tax-deductible nonprofit charity. Privacy policy About Wikipedia Disclaimers Ten things you may not know about Wikipedia.

 Chumash (Judaism) From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding reliable references. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (November 2007) Part of a series on Judaism Portal | Category Jews · Judaism · Denominations Orthodox · Conservative · Reform Haredi · Hasidic · Modern Orthodox Reconstructionist · Renewal · Rabbinic Humanistic · Karaite · Samaritanism Jewish philosophy Principles of faith · Minyan · Kabbalah Noahide laws · God · Eschatology · Messiah Chosenness · Holocaust · Halakha · Kashrut Modesty · Tzedakah · Ethics · Mussar Religious texts Torah · Tanakh · Talmud · Midrash · Tosefta Rabbinic works · Kuzari · Mishneh Torah Tur · Shulchan Aruch · Mishnah Berurah ?umash · Siddur · Piyutim · Zohar Holy cities Jerusalem · Safed · Hebron · Tiberias Important figures Abraham · Sarah · Isaac · Rebecca · Jacob/Israel · Rachel · Leah · Twelve Tribes · Moses Deborah · Ruth · Solomon · David Hillel · Shammai · Rabbi Akiva · Judah the Prince Rav · Saadia Gaon · Rif · Rashi · Tosafists Maimonides · Nahmanides · Yosef Karo Jewish life cycle Brit · Bar/Bat Mitzvah · Shidduch · Marriage Niddah · Naming · Pidyon HaBen · Bereavement Religious roles Rabbi · Rebbe · Hazzan Kohen/Priest · Mashgiach · Gabbai · Maggid Mohel · Beth din · Rosh yeshiva Religious Kehilla & institutions Synagogue · Mikvah · Gemach Religious buildings Synagogue · Mikvah · Holy Temple / Tabernacle Religious articles Tallit · Tefillin · Kipa · Sefer Torah Tzitzit · Mezuzah · Menorah · Hanukiah · Shofar 4 Species · Kittel · Gartel · Yad Jewish prayers and services Shema · Amidah · Aleinu · Kol Nidre Kaddish · Hallel · Ma Tovu · Havdalah Judaism & other religions Christianity · Islam · "Judeo-Christian" · Others Abrahamic faiths · Judeo-Paganism · Pluralism Related topics Antisemitism · Criticism Philo-Semitism · Slavery · Yeshiva · Zionism v • d • e The Artscroll Chumash Chumash (IPA: [xu'm??]) (Hebrew: ????; also Humash) is one of the Hebrew names for the Five Books of Moses, also known as the Pentateuch or Torah. The word comes from the Hebrew word for five, chamesh. A more formal term is "Chamishah Chumshei Torah." [edit]Origin of the term The word "Chumash" may be a misreading of chomesh, meaning "one-fifth", alluding to any one of the five books: as the Hebrew ???? has no vowel signs, it could be read either way. It could also be regarded as a back-formed singular of chumashim/chumshei (which is in fact the plural of chomesh). In early scribal practice there was a distinction between a Sefer Torah, containing the entire Pentateuch on a parchment scroll, and a copy of one of the five books on its own, which was generally bound in codex form, like a modern book, and had a lesser degree of sanctity. The term chomesh strictly applies to one of these. Thus, Chomesh Bereshit strictly means "the Genesis fifth", but was misread as Chumash, Bereshit and interpreted as meaning "The Pentateuch: Genesis", as if "Chumash" were the parent directory of which "Bereshit" was a subfolder.[1] In the legal codes, such as Maimonides' Mishneh Torah, it is laid down that any copy of the Pentateuch which does not comply with the strict rules for a Sefer Torah, for example because it is not a parchment scroll or contains vowel signs, has only the same sanctity as a copy of an individual book (chomesh). In this way, the word chomesh (or chumash) came to have the extended sense of any copy of the Pentateuch other than a Sefer Torah. [edit]Usage The word chumash generally only refers to "book" bound editions of the Pentateuch, whereas the "scroll" form is called a Sefer Torah ("book [of the] Torah"). In modern Jewish practice: A printed Chumash usually sets out the Hebrew text of the Torah with vowel points and cantillation marks, separated into its 54 constituent parshiyot (weekly reading portions), together with the haftarah for each parsha and, often, translations and notes. A Chumash-Rashi also contains the Targum of Onkelos and the commentary of Rashi; there is often no vernacular translation included. A multi-volume set in Hebrew only, including the entire Tanakh with masoretic notes, Targumim and several classical commentaries, is referred to as Mikraot Gedolot. [edit]Various Publications see also Jewish English Bible translations Gutnik Chumash with commentary from the Lubavitcher Rebbe Hertz Chumash, containing the commentary of former British Chief Rabbi Joseph H. Hertz Stone Edition (Published by Artscroll/Mesorah Publishers: ISBN 0-89906-014-5) (Referred to as The ArtScroll Chumash) Soncino Chumash, ed. A. Cohen, containing notes summarizing the traditional commentaries Torah and the Haftarot, translation by Philip Birnbaum (Hebrew Publishing Company, 1983. ISBN 0884844560) Etz Hayim Humash (Published by the Jewish Publication Society of America ISBN 0-8276-0712-1): associated with Conservative movement The Torah: A Modern Commentary Revised Edition. W. Gunther Plaut, ed. New York: Union for Reform Judaism, 2006: associated with American Reform movement [edit]References ^ Cf. the misunderstanding of "Tur" to mean the entirety of the Arba'ah Turim. [edit]See also Pentateuch Torah Sefer Torah [hide] v • d • e Jews and Judaism Denominations Schisms · Intra-Jewish relations · Orthodox · (Haredi · Hasidic · Modern Orthodox) · Conservative · Reform · Reconstructionist · Jewish Renewal · Rabbinic · Karaite · Samaritan · Humanistic Philosophy Principles of faith · Chosen people · Eschatology · Ethics · Halakha · Holocaust theology · Kabbalah · Kashrut · Messianism · Minyan · Mussar Movement · Names of God · Seven Laws of Noah · Tzedakah · Tzniut Religious texts Tanakh (Torah · Nevi'im · Ketuvim) · Arba'ah Turim · Chumash · Kuzari · Midrash · Mishnah Berurah · Mishneh Torah · Piyyut · Rabbinic works · Shulchan Aruch · Siddur · Talmud · Tosefta · Zohar Jewish leadership Abraham · Isaac · Jacob · Sarah · Rebecca · Rachel · Leah · Moses · Deborah · Ruth · David · Solomon · Elijah · Hillel · Shammai · Judah haNasi · Saadia Gaon · Rashi · Isaac Alfasi · Abraham ibn Ezra · Tosafists · Rambam · Nahmanides · Asher ben Jehiel · Gersonides · Joseph Albo · Yosef Karo · Baal Shem Tov · Shneur Zalman of Liadi · Vilna Gaon · Leopold Zunz · Israel Jacobson · Abraham Geiger · Ben Ish Chai · Avrohom Mordechai Alter · Ovadia Yosef · Moshe Feinstein · Elazar Shach · Menachem Schneerson Life and culture Who is a Jew? · Bar Mitzvah / Bat Mitzvah · Bereavement · Brit milah · Etymology of the word Jew · Marriage · Niddah · Pidyon HaBen · Secular Jewish culture · Shidduch · Zeved habat Roles and places Four Holy Cities (Jerusalem · Safed · Hebron · Tiberias) · Beth din · Gabbai · Hazzan · Kohen · Maggid · Mashgiach · Mikvah · Mohel · Rabbi · Rebbe · Rosh yeshiva · Synagogue · Temple · Tabernacle · Western Wall Religious articles Aleinu · Amidah · Four Species · Gartel · Hallel · Havdalah · Kaddish · Kittel · Kol Nidre · Ma Tovu · Menorah (Hanukiah) · Mezuzah · Prayer · Sefer Torah · Services · Shema Yisrael · Shofar · Tallit · Tefillin · Tzitzit · Yad · Yarmulke Other religions Jewish views of religious pluralism · Abrahamic religions · Christianity (Catholicism · Christian-Jewish reconciliation · Judeo-Christian · Mormonism) · Islam · Jewish Buddhist · Judeo-Paganism · Others Languages Hebrew · Judeo-Arabic · Judeo-Aramaic · Judeo-Persian · Ladino · Yiddish History Ancient · Temple in Jerusalem · Babylonian captivity · Jerusalem (Significance · Timeline) · Hasmonean · Herod · Sanhedrin · Pharisees Saducees · Essenes · First Jewish-Roman War · Bar Kokhba revolt · Diaspora · Middle Ages · Muslim rule · Sabbateans · Haskalah · Emancipation · The Holocaust · Aliyah · Israel (History) · Arab-Israeli and Israeli-Palestinian conflicts · Land of Israel · Baal teshuva movement · History of the Jews in Jamaica Politics Zionism (General · Labor · Religious · Revisionist) · Political movements (Jewish left · Jewish right · Jewish anarchism) · General Jewish Labor Union · World Agudath Israel · Feminism · Politics of Israel Antisemitism History · Persecution · New · Racial · Religious · Secondary Categories: Jewish texts | Hebrew words and phrases | Hebrew Bible topics | Torah article discussion edit this page history This page was last modified on 26 May 2008, at 02:42. 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I don't think of my PC as a computer.  It is my Personal Controller.  I looked up "brain" and it's a biological controller.  I think of my PC as an assistant to my brain.  It all depends on how you look at your PC.  You can bring up your kids to think YHWH controls their PC's or they use their PC to help their own brains evolve.  It's up to you as parents.  I was lucky in Baltimore to be married to a Jewish male who worked for the Baltimore energy company as an accountant and in c. 1952 they sent him to Poughkeepsie  IBM to learn how to use a computer. People who worked with my husband told him how lucky he was to be Jewish and given this opportunity.   I was lucky that my son was always interested in electricity and was good at engineering stuff.  Without these two males, I never would have known enough to write this particular blog.  
    I'm not naturally inclined to think mechanically.  I have strictly a book learning brain.  The two males in my past life automatically could think mechanically.  I learned from them.  In fact, I really owe them for how I think.  When I became detached from them, it was scary.          Then I relocated via MCI from these parts to Dallas.  Back in 1990, where I moved, the prediction was it would be the capital of I.T. globally.  So they, unlike here in the N.E., were confident and very sharing about I.T.  They didn't nickel and dime you into stupidity.  Intelligence was freely given.  It sure was fun.  Unfortunately, the prediction didn't happen.  Instead, the Indians and Chinese that came there to learn ended up transferring the power to China and India, back to their home town.  Very politically clever, isn't it?
   I just learned that the alphabet is now a plug-in, in the PC.  That's why it isn't a Computer any more, something that controls me.  I am confident now that it's my Personal Controller and simply an assist to my biological Computer just like my eye glasses are an assist to my biological Computer.   
   Wonder what would happen if when kids learned to read in the first grade, their textbooks said this to them?
   So now I look up when I walk my dog (also down because of droppings from animals) and our Earth Star tells me a whole lot.  I think, what if the word "gangster" meant a particular color.  What if in the first grade, they started thinking about the colors red, white, blue.  Then each grade has a different color focus.  Red in the core of the Earth, red as high up as you can go.  That would change the meaning of the word "gang" too   Debating your favorite color is much more fun.  WMI.  Weapons of Mass Intelligence.  Sure helped me.  It's all up to your own biological computer.  
   Thirty years ago I used to think the word "artificial intelligence" was really a stupid combination of words.  I still do.
   In a recession while we slim down, we can evolve our own biological computer.  Can it be that drugs are inhibiting a whole lot of humans from using their biological computer this way?''

Confusing.  Originally it meant to bear witness?  Became a victim of others because won't submit to other's brains.  Now it's homicidal suicide?  Which faith is correct?These areThe World Fact Book  :
Christians 33.32% (of which Roman Catholics 16.99%, Protestants 5.78%, Orthodox 3.53%, Anglicans 1.25%), Muslims 21.01%, Hindus 13.26%, Buddhists 5.84%, Sikhs 0.35%, Jews 0.23%, Baha'is 0.12%, other religions 11.78%, non-religious 11.77%, atheists 2.32% (2007 est.) 
Seems to me that 21% of  human beings are bent on homicidal suicide?  I don't see Muslims in the USA parading and protesting homocidal suicide.  Just like we all didn't until after the atomic and nuclear bombs got deposited in Japan.  Then everyone listened to Gen. MacArthur and forced our friends the Japanese culture to embrace Khai.

I'm emboldened to blog this because I'm watching the documentary on his Last Supper which is exactly how I read it when I got my very first bible ever at the age of 20.  That's because I had a kheder education.  I never got to read the Bible for myself though.  Only a political book called Siddur.  Otherwise labeled doxology.
All Jesus would have had to say is "anee lo melech", pardon my poor Hebrew.  He wouldn't have died.  Am I wrong?
If I'm right, because of my experience with David Koresh day and night over the radio in Garland TX, I think he said to himself:  "If I deny it, then how can I go back to my life?". " If I say I am, then I will be killed.  I'd rather go to YHWH."

The Republican Faith Management would be winner take all.The Democratic Faith Management would be proportional representation.  
So what is a  "liberal" in Faith Management?  Do Ph.D's in theology discuss this in the university?
Can the unification and division of the Biblical Middle Eastern Nation of Israel tell us something about that?  What does YHWH tell us?  When I read about Abraham Lincoln, I believe that he thought in these terms.  I think he used the Bible legally.  Wish he were here so I could ask him.  In his day, We the People weren't as powerful as we are today. Even North Korea owes the USA:  DARPA and the ethernet.  What would have happened to faith if there existed a Northern USA and a Southern USA, just like Biblical Northern Israel and Southern Israel?

I was taking Conversational Hebrew at Shaare Tefila in White Oaks.  At that time, probably 1976, I was insulted by questions like "Have you been to Israel" yet?  Then when I said "No", the snobbery;)  After I took this class which was based on visiting Tel Aviv, I planned to go to Israel.  After I came back from my trip, I would ask "Have you been to Israel yet?".
   I had this conversation with the attractive teacher of the class.  We are so lucky to have you, an Israeli, teaching us.  She then shocked me.  She said she wasn't allowed to teach in any Jewish Day School.  I asked why.  She said "Don't you notice?  I'm black."  She said Shaare Tefilah was the only place that accepted her at all.  Her regular job was as an interpreter at the State Department.  IIRC, she was Yemenite.
   Now I raised my kids that I didn't care the color of the skin, I wanted Jewish grandkids.  It wasn't until I was already on Medicare that I dared to say this at the Dallas Jewish Community Center to my fellow Medicare Jews.  You should have seen the awful faces on the men. You should see the awful faces on blacks.  

1.  You want to kill me, so I'll die and take you with me.
2.  I want to die because I don't like myself.  I won't hurt anybody else. They'll be better off without me.
3.  I want to go to heaven and I'm doing you a favor taking you with me.
4.  I want you to go to heaven or hell, so I'm helping Jesus and Muhammad.  That way when I go to heaven, I've collected scalps.
   Can someone/s supply the Hebrew and Arabic versions?

About 200 years of unfinished USA Faith history to clean up.  I didn't know it existed until the winter of 2007.  Turns out early campaigning for Presidents and a female speaker of the House has accelerated the distribution of scientific data in this country.  Why Judah Ha-Nasi must be contented with the USA now.  Great discussion by lawyers of faith. Would love the USA Muslims to participate. Talk about an archeological faith document.

Real InterFaith:
1. InterLinear Qur'an: Arabic 2 Hebrew
2. InterLinear Khoomash: Hebrew 2 Arabic
3. All Cell Phones include Periodic Table of Elements  

About Science: Spent 26 years 7x24 moderating fight between FORTRAN and COBOL.  One of my bosses with whom I had this fight lives a few blocks from me now.  I googled him and discovered this;)  Wild isn't it?  We share the same religion.  He worked with my then husband.  Small world isn't it.  

History Wikipedia Abayudaya

The sect owes its origin to Muganda military leader Semei Kakungulu. Originally, Kakungulu was converted to Christianity by British missionaries around 1880. He believed that by doing so, the British would allow him to be the chief ruler of the territories he conquered in battle for them. However, when the British limited his territory to a significantly smaller size, Kakungulu began to distance himself from them. In 1913, he became a Malachite Christian, a follower of a belief system combining Christianity, Judaism, and Christian Science. However, upon further study of the Bible, Kakungulu came to believe that the customs and laws described in the first 5 books of Moses (Torah) were quite true. When told that only Jews observe such customs, he exclaimed, "Then we will be Jewish!" In 1919, Kakungulu had become far more clearly Jewish in his practices: he circumcised his sons and himself and declared his community Jewish. According to Henry Lubega[5], "he fled to the foot of Mt. Elgon at a place called Gangama where he started a separatist sect known as Kibina Kya Bayudaya Absesiga Katonda (the Community of Jews who trust in the Lord)." The British were infuriated by such an act and effectively cut off ties with him and his followers.